
Note: I made a timeline error, as pointed out
by @feyna-v. Thank you! Please disregard the last few posts. It was a
silly mistake on my part. Thank you!
It’s not clear when exactly
Italy goes through the later stages of puberty, but unless there’s an
inconsistency in the timeline, it appears that it occurs before the Austrian
Wars of Succession. Once Italy voice drops, Austria and Hungary buy him male
clothing to wear.

In the Maria Theresa series, Italy is
shown to be wearing boy’s clothes. He’s also shorter than his adult height,
which means that he hasn’t matured in full yet.

Later, as he begins fighting for his independence from Austria,
you see that Italy has grown up, or has at least come very close to it.

The same thing happens with Romano too. Before he leaves Spain’s house, he’s matured significantly.

That said, Italy went through puberty some time before the Austrian Wars of Succession, and aged into an adult as he got closer to his independence.